Ekuhombiseni,izibanekunye nezibane zizinto eziyimfuneko, hayi kakhulu into yokuhombisa, kodwa eyona mfuno isisiseko yokuphila.
Ekuqaleni, tingcamango esisiseko yokukhanyisa okwenziweyo
Ukuthetha nge-artificialukukhanya, kufuneka siqale siqonde iingqiqo ezisisiseko zokukhanyisa:
Luminous flux: Ukukhanya okukhanyayo: amandla akhazimlayo anokubonwa liliso lomntu.Isixa seemveliso zamandla akhazimlayo ebhendi nganye kunye nokubonakala okunxulumene nebhendi.Isimboli yeyunithi ngu-lm.
Ukukhanya: Isehlo esikhanyayo soxinaniso kumphezulu, isimboli ngu-lx.
Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwesibane se-incandescent ye-40W malunga ne-340 lm;ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwesibane se-fluorescent ye-40W malunga ne-1700-1900 lm.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokulungisa ikhayaizibane zokukhanyisa:
1. Misa iiplani ezimbini ngokwezibane eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko ezizodwa.Umzekelo, isibane esincinci kunye nesikhanyayoisibane sedesikazisetyenziswa kwigumbi lokufundela.
2. Misela isethi yezicwangciso ngokweemeko ezizodwa: umzekelo, kuphela isibane esikhulu sibekwe kwigumbi lokufunda.
Iqela lokuqala lezisombululo ngasentla lukhetho olungcono.Okokuqala, ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo, khetha ukukhanya okuhlukeneyo, okulungele ukukhusela amehlo kunye nokuphepha umonakalo wamehlo obangelwa ukukhanya okunamandla okanye okubuthathaka kwexesha elide.Kwelinye icala, kuyinzuzo ukonga umbane, ngaloo ndlela wonge imali.
Okwesibini, ukhetho lwezibane
1. Isitayela sezibane kunye nezibane
1) Okokuqala, kufuneka uthenge izibane ngokweendlela zakho ezahlukeneyo.Ngokomzekelo, kwisitayela samanje, kuyafaneleka ukukhetha izibane ezithile kunye nendibaniselwano yensimbi engenasici kunye neglasi epholileyo.Kwisitayile semveli saseYurophu nase-United States, kufanelekile ukukhetha izibane ezinje ngemigca yeRococo kunye netoni yentsimbi.
2) Apho kunokwenzeka, izibane zokukhanyisa kwigumbi lokuhlala, igumbi lokutyela kunye negumbi lokulala kufuneka zibe yinto efanayo.Ngokutsho kwamava ombhali, oku kunokwenzeka.Enye inketho kukugcina isitayela esifanayo kwigumbi lokuhlala kunye negumbi lokudlela, kwaye usebenzise enye indlela yezibane kwigumbi lokulala.
3) Izibane zesilingi ezingangeni manzi zingasetyenziselwa izibane kwindlu yangasese nasekhitshini.Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho mfuneko yokuba unikele ingqalelo kakhulu kwisimbo, kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusebenza.
2. Iindidi zezibane zokukhanya
Iibhalbhu zokukhanya zasekhaya zanamhlanje zihlulwe kakhulu zibe ziintlobo ezimbini: izibane ze-incandescent kunye nezibane zokulondoloza amandla.Izibane ze-incandescent zisebenza kumgaqo wokufudumala kwe-tungsten okanye ezinye iingcingo zetsimbi, kwaye umbala wesibane uphuzi (umbala welanga).Izibane zokugcina amandla zisebenza kumgaqo wokukhutshwa kwegesi.Igama layo lobuchwephesha zizibane ezizimelayo zefluorescent.Ukongeza kumhlophe (ukukhanya okubandayo), kukho ngoku phuzi (ukukhanya okufudumeleyo).Ngokuqhelekileyo, phantsi kwamanzi afanayo, isibane sokugcina amandla sinokugcina amandla angama-80% kunesibane se-incandescent, sandise ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngamaxesha angama-8, kunye ne-20% kuphela yokushisa ukushisa.Phantsi kweemeko ezingangqongqo, ukukhanya okukonga amandla oku-5-watt kunokugqalwa njengokulingana nesibane se-incandescent se-25-watt, i-7-watt egcina umbane iphantse ilingane neewatts ezingama-40, kunye ne-9-watt yokonga umbane. ukukhanya kumalunga ne-60 watts.
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimveliso kwimarike okwangoku zikwicala eliphezulu kunye namaxabiso aphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophantsi.Ukuba azikhethwanga ngokufanelekileyo, ingxaki "yokugcina amandla kodwa ungagcini imali" ihlala isenzeka.
Enye into ekufuneka uyiqaphele kukuba izibane eziqhelekileyo zokonga amandla azikwazi ukufiphala, ngoko ke kunokusetyenziswa izitshixo eziqhelekileyo kuphela.Ungaze usebenzise isitshixo esifana newotshi ukulawula izibane ezonga amandla.Nangona kunjalo, ngokweengxelo, amazwe angaphandle aphuhlise izibane zokulondoloza amandla ezinokufiphala, kodwa umbhali akazange afumane ii-bulbs zokulondoloza amandla kwiimarike xa umbhalo wesandla ugqityiwe.
Okwesithathu, ukuthengwa kwezibane
Ukuthengwa kwezibane kunzima kakhulu.Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kuya kufuneka uyifudumeze ngokupheleleyo intamo yakho kwaye ujike intloko yakho ngokwendlela ye-radio gymnastics esiyifundileyo sisebancinci.Kungenjalo, kufuneka ube uyakhalaza xa ubuya emva kokuthenga isibane.Xa uthenga izibane, kufuneka ujonge ngakumbi, kungcono ukhethe imarike yobuchwephesha kwizibane.Iivenkile ezininzi zijongana kuphela kwizitayile zabavelisi abathile abambalwa, ngoko ukujonga ngaphezulu yeyona ndlela yodwa.Kwimarike yobuchwephesha bezibane kunye nezibane, ngenxa yokuxinana kwezitayela, kukugcina ingxaki, umgudu kunye namandla, kwaye ixabiso likwanokuthelekiswa.
Okwesine, ukufakwa kwezibane ezikhethekileyo
Ufakelo olukhethekileyo lwezibane zendlu ngokuyintloko inxalenye yesilingi.Abantu abaninzi bathanda ukufaka izibane ezisasaziweyo ebumnyameni, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu onokuzifaka kakuhle.Iqhinga nali:
1. Isiphelo ukuya ekupheleni.Izibane zeFluorescent kufuneka zifakwe nganye nganye.Kuba awusoloko uzisebenzisa izibane ezisasaziweyo, ungaziva mbi.
2. Isikhundla esiphezulu sombhobho wesibane sikwinqanaba elifanayo kunye nomda wesakhelo sokukhanya kwe-groove yesilingi yokulinganisa.
3. Ibhubhu encinci yokukhanya (isibane se-fluorescent) ingasetyenziselwa kwiindawo ezine-arcs, kungekhona enkulu.
4. Umbala wokukhanya unokuba mhlophe, ophuzi kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka (omfusa).Musa ukusebenzisa eminye imibala, ngakumbi ebomvu neluhlaza.Eyangaphambili yindawo yephonografi, kwaye le yokugqibela ibe yindawo eyoyikisayo.