Nangona ukukhanya kunyeukukhanyalishishini elisele likho iminyaka emininzi, njengabathengi abaqhelekileyo, sihlala sinamathandabuzo ngokuphila ngolu hlobo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izibane zanamhlanje ziba nzima ngakumbi kwaye zihluke ngokweendlela, iimilo, iintlobo kunye neeparitha zemithombo yokukhanya, kwaye kunzima kubathengi abaqhelekileyo ukuba baqonde ngokupheleleyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, xa sijongene "neendlela" ezahlukeneyo kunye "nemigibe" kwimarike yokukhanyisa, kaninzi asikwazi ukwenza ukhetho oluchanekileyo kunye norhwebo.
Oku kulandelayo sisishwankathelo seendlela kunye nemigaqo yokukhethwa kwezibane kwireferensi yakho.
Izikhokelo ezininzi ngokubanzi xa ukhetha izibane
1. Ukhuseleko kuqala
Ingaba ukuhlobisa okunzima okanye enye ifenitshala, ukhuseleko kufuneka lube yingqwalasela yokuqala. Ngoko ke, akufuneki sibe sibawa ngexabiso eliphantsi xa sikhethaizibane, kwaye akufuneki uthenge "amathathu akukho mveliso" (akukho mhla wokuvelisa, akukho siqinisekiso somgangatho, kwaye akukho mveliso). Nangona kuthiwa iimpahla ezinophawu kunye neefektri ezinkulu, ayizizo zonke ezilungileyo, kodwa amathuba abo "empazamo" kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kakhulu "kweemveliso ezintathu". Ukuba umlilo ubangelwa ngenxa yeengxaki zomgangatho, ilahleko idlula inzuzo.
2. Isimbo esihambelanayo
Nokuba kukuhombisa ikhaya okanye ukuhombisa ubunjineli, kukho umahluko kwisitayile, isitayile saseYurophu, isitayile samaTshayina, sanamhlanje, esobufundisi… njalo njalo, nganye ineempawu zayo. Oku kufuna ukuba sihambelane ngokusemandleni kunye nesitayela sokuhlobisa xa ukhetha ifenitshala kunyeukukhanya, nokuba ngumbala, imilo, okanye ingaphakathiumthombo wokukhanya. Ukuphepha ngandlela zonke kukukhanya, kugqithisile.
3. Ubungakanani obufanelekileyo
Abantu abaninzi banombono: okukhona izibane kunye nezibane ezikhanyayo ekhaya, kungcono! Enyanisweni, oku kukungaqondi kakuhle ezingqondweni zabantu abaninzi. Enyanisweni, kufuneka sigqibe ubungakanani besibane kunye nokukhanya komthombo wokukhanya ngokobukhulu kunye nommandla wendawo. Apha, umbhali uphinde unikeze iingcebiso zokukhetha ubungakanani besibane ngendlela: ukwahlula indawo yendlu ngama-30 ububanzi besibane; Ubude beemitha ezimbini bubude obuphezulu besibane; 5W nge square metre nganye (ukuthathaI-LEDnjengomzekelo) kukukhanya okufunwa ligumbi.
4. Zihlole ngononophelo iimpahla
"Akukho kubuyiselwa okanye ukutshintshwa kwempahla ngaphandle kwekhabhinethi" ibe "ngumgaqo ocacileyo" wabathengisi abaninzi bokukhanyisa. Ngoko ke, kufuneka senze uvavanyo lokukhanyisa kwivenkile yokukhanyisa ukuze siphephe iingxaki ezingeyomfuneko kwixesha elizayo. Kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba uninzi lwezibane kunye nezibane zenziwe ngezinto ezibuthathaka, ngakumbi iglasi okanye imihlobiso yokukhanyisa izibane, kwaye kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi. Xa yonakele, akukho ndawo yokuqiqa.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba ukuthenga izibane kwi-intanethi kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo ekuthengeni izinto zokwakha kunye nokuhombisa ikhaya. Le meko ibaluleke ngokukhethekileyo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki ngaphambi kokuba utyikitye. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda uthathe iifoto kwaye uzigcine kwangethuba ukuphepha iingxabano ezingeyomfuneko kwixesha elizayo.
5. Yenza oko unako
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba imo okanye izinto eziphathekayo, ibakala lezibane kunye nezibane azinayo imida. Kanye njengokuthenga imoto, mhlawumbi ucebe kuphela ukuthenga imoto yentsapho yeklasi ye-100,000 ekuqaleni, kodwa emva kokuba "ugxininiswe" kwiivenkile ezahlukeneyo, ekugqibeleni uthenge imoto exabisa i-200,000 ukuya kwi-300,000 ye-yuan. Ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kunye nokugcinwa kwawo kukwenza uzive unzima. Umbhali ukholelwa ukuba phantsi kwesiseko sokuhambelana nesitayela, kunengqiqo ngakumbi ukuba inkcitho kwizibane kunye nezibane ziphendule malunga ne-10% yayo yonke inkcitho yokuhlobisa. Ngoko ke, xa sikhetha izibane kunye nezibane, kufuneka sijonge isitayela kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kungekhona ukuba kubiza kakhulu.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba izitayela zezibane zihlaziywa ngokukhawuleza. Sincoma ukuba uhlolisise imarike yesibane kuqala ngaphambi kokuthenga izibane (ingakumbi izibane ezixabisa kakhulu). Ukuze ungathengi izibane kunye nezibane kwangaphambi kwexesha.
Imigaqo eyongezelelweyo yokukhetha izibane
1. Ukulula: Umsebenzi oyintloko wezibane kukukhanya, kwaye umsebenzi wesibini ngumhlobiso, kwaye lo mhlobiso "ngumgca wokugqiba", kungekhona i-protagonist yokuhlobisa. Ngoko ke, siphakamisa ukuba izibane kufuneka zibe lula, kwaye izibane ezinemilo enzima kakhulu azihambelani nokudibanisa kunye nokulungelelaniswa komhlobiso jikelele. Ngokukodwa kwizitayela ezifana nesitayela saseTshayina kunye nesitayela samanje, izibane kunye nezibane kufuneka zibe lula kwimilo.
2. Uncedo: Uncedo olukhankanywe apha ikakhulu lubhekiselele kukufakelwa, ukusetyenziswa, ukugcinwa nokutshintshwa kwezibane emva kokuba zithengiwe kwakhona. Okokuthi, ngaphambi kokuba sihlawule ukuthenga, kufuneka sibe nokuqonda ngokubanzi indlela yokufakela izibane, kwaye siqwalasele ngokupheleleyo ubunzima bokucoca izibane kunye nokutshintsha umthombo wokukhanya kwixesha elizayo.
3. Ukonga amandla: Ukuhlala ekhaya, yonga kangangoko unako. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, sincoma ngokubanzi ukusetyenziswa "kokukhanya okudibeneyo", oko kukuthi, ukukhanya okuphambili + ukukhanya okuncedisayo kokukhanyisa. Xa umsebenzi wangoku awufuni ukukhanya okugqithisileyo, sinokuvula kuphela izibane ezincedisayo (ezifana nezibane zomgangatho, izibane zetafile). Okanye, ukuba iimeko ziyasivumela, sinokuqwalasela inkqubo yokukhanyisa elumkileyo ehlengahlengisa ubunzulu bokukhanya njengoko kufuneka.
4. Umsebenzi: Le ngongoma ibandakanya ulwazi loyilo lokukhanyisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, igumbi lokuhlala lifuna izibane ezikhanyayo kunye ezintle, igumbi lokulala lifuna ubushushu obuphantsi bombala kunye nezibane ezingenakukhanya, igumbi labantwana lifuna izibane ezinemibala eqaqambileyo kunye nezitayela ezintle, kwaye igumbi lokuhlambela lidinga izibane ezilula nezingangeni manzi. Ikhitshi idinga ukuba izinto zezibane kunye nezibane zilula ukusula nokucoca.